| Yarn |
Bemberg™ |
Rayon
filament |
Cotton |
Silk |
Polyester |
Nylon |
| Filament |
Staple |
Tensile
strength |
Dry |
cN/dtex
g/d |
1.6-2.4
1.8-2.7 |
2.6-3.0
2.9-3.4 |
1.5-2.0
1.7-2.3 |
2.6-4.3
3.0-4.9 |
2.6-3.5
3.0-4.0 |
3.8-5.3
4.3-6.0 |
4.2-5/6
4.8-6.4 |
| Wet |
cN/dtex
g/d |
1.0-1.7
1.1-1.9 |
1.8-2.2
2.0-2.5 |
0.7-1.1
0.8-1.2 |
2.9-5.6
3.3-6.4 |
1.9-2.5
2.1-2.8 |
3.8-5.3
4.3-6.0 |
3.7-5.2
4.2-5.9 |
Wet/dry
strength |
% |
55-70 |
70-75 |
45-55 |
102-110 |
70 |
100 |
84-92 |
| Loop
strength |
cN/dtex
g/d |
2.4-3.4
2.7-3.9 |
2.5-2.6
2.8-3.0 |
2.6-3.6
3.0-4.1 |
- |
- |
6.2-8.8
7.0-10.0 |
7.5-10.1
8.5-11.5 |
Knot
strength |
cN/dtex
g/d |
1.3-2.1
1.5-2.4 |
2.1-2.3
2.4-2.6 |
1.2-1.8
1.4-2.0 |
- |
2.6
2.9 |
3.4-3.9
3.8-4.4 |
3.8-5.3
4.3-6.0 |
Elonga-
tion |
Dry |
% |
10-17 |
14-16 |
18-24 |
3-7 |
15-25 |
20-40 |
28-45 |
| Wet |
% |
15-27 |
25-28 |
24-35 |
- |
27-33 |
20-40 |
36-52 |
Elastic
modulus |
%(3%) |
55-88 |
55-60 |
60-80 |
74(2%) |
54-55(8%) |
95-100 |
98-100 |
Apparent
Young's
modulus |
cN/dtex
g/d
kg/mm² |
44-66
50-75
700-1000 |
53-71
60-80
800-1000 |
57-75
65-85
850-1150 |
60-82
68-93
950-1300 |
44-88
50-100
650-1200 |
79-141
90-160
1100-2000
|
18-40
20-45
200-450 |
| Weight |
g/cm³ |
1.50 |
1.50-1.52 |
1.54 |
1.33 |
1.38 |
1.14 |
Moisture
regain |
%
(20℃
65%RH) |
11.0 |
11.0 |
8.5 |
11.0 |
0.4 |
4.5 |
| |
Heat |
Non-softening,
non-melting;
dye
loss
at 250-300℃ |
As
at left |
Yellowing
in 5
h at
120℃;
decomposition
at 150℃ |
Dissolution
at 235℃ ;combustion
at 275-465℃ ;spontaneous
ignition
at 366℃ |
Softening
at 238-240℃ ;melting
at 255-260℃ |
Softening
at 180℃;
melting
at 215-220℃ |
| Weathering |
Some
strength
loss |
As
at left |
Yellowing,
decom-
position |
Marked
strength
loss;
55%
in 60
days,
in 140
days |
Little
or no
strength
loss |
Strength
loss and
yellowing
may
occur |
| Acids |
Strength
loss,
decomposition
in low-temp,
conc,
or high-temp.
dilute
acids;
little
strength
loss
in 5%
HCI
or 11%
H SO |
As
at left |
Decomposition
in high-temp.
dilute
or low-temp.
conc.
acids;
unaffected
by low-temp.
dilute
acids |
Decomposition
in high-temp.
H SO |
Little
or no
strength
loss
in 35%
HCI,
75%
HSO,
60%
HNO |
Dissolution,
partial
decomposition
in conc.
HCI,
HSO,
HNO |
| Alkalis |
Swelling,
loss
of strength
in strong
alkalis;
little
strength
loss
in 2%
NaOH |
Swelling
in strong
alkalis;
little
loss
of strength
in 2%
NaOH |
Swelling
but
no damage
in NaOH |
Sericin
readily
dissolved;
fibroin
attacked |
Little
or no
strength
loss
in 10%
NaOH,
28%
NH |
Little
or no
strength
loss
in 50%
NaOH,
28%
HNO |
Other
chemical |
Attacked
by strong
oxidizers;
no decoloring
or damage
by hypo-chlorite
or peroxide |
As
at left |
Decolored
by hypochlorite
and
peroxide;
swelling
or dissolution
in cuprammouium |
Decolored
by peroxides
and
sulfurous
oxide
gas |
Generally
good
resistance |
Generally
good
resistance |
| Solvents |
Generally
non-dissolving,
expect
in cuprammonium
or copper
ethylene
diamine
solutions |
As
at left |
Generally
non-dissolving |
Generally
non-dissolving |
Non-dissolving
in genaral
solvents;
dissolved
by high-temp.
m-cresol,
o-chlorophenyl,
nitrobenzene,
dimethyl-
formalin |
Non-dissolving
in genaral
solvents;
dissolved
in phenols,
conc,
formic
acid;
swells,
dissolves
at high
temp.
in acetic
acid |
Insect
and
mold |
Insect
resistant;
subject
to mildew |
As
at left |
Insect
resis-tant;
mildew
resistant
if bleached
or acetylated |
Less
insect
resistant
than
cotton;
resistant
to mildew |
Completely
resistant |
Completely
resistant |
| Dyeing |
Direct,
vat,
basic,
napthol,
mordant,
sulfurating,
reactive,pigment |
As
at left |
Direct,
mordant,
azo,
pigment,
basic,
sulfurating,vat |
Direct,
acid,
basic,
mordant |
Dispersion;
cationic
for
special
polyesters |
Acid,
dispersion,
reactive,
chromium,
metal-complex;
cationic
for
special
nylons |
